Coronary Artery Disease. What are the symptoms of coronary artery disease? Treatment
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by narrowing or blockage of the arteries that supply the heart with blood and oxygen. Symptoms of CAD can vary depending on the degree and location of the arterial insufficiency, as well as how much damage the heart muscle has suffered.
Major symptoms may include:
- Chest pain or discomfort: This may be a feeling of pressure, squeezing, burning, or heaviness in the chest area, often called stable angina. This pain may occur during physical activity or stress, and is usually relieved by rest or by taking nitroglycerin.
- Short-term chest pain: Sometimes the pain may be short-lived and occur suddenly (unstable angina), sometimes even at rest.
- Pain in other parts of the body: The pain or discomfort may also radiate to the neck, jaw, shoulder, back, or arm. This is called radiating or referred pain.
- Feeling choked or short of breath: This may be caused by insufficient blood flow to the lungs.
- Fatigue: Feeling tired or weak, especially with exercise or stress.
- Increased need for rest: Some people may feel the need to rest or even a decreased ability to perform physical activity.
Treatments for coronary heart disease may include:
Lifestyle changes: These include stopping smoking, eating a healthy diet, being physically active, and controlling your weight.
- Drugs: Your doctor may prescribe medications to lower cholesterol, lower blood pressure, improve blood flow, or reduce the risk of blood clots.
- Procedures: These include angioplasty and stenting of arteries to widen and restore blood flow, as well as surgical repair of arteries.
- Rehabilitation: Rehabilitation programs after a heart attack or other cardiac event can help improve physical activity and control risk factors.
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