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Active ingredient: Lidocaine
Indications
A solution of lidocaine hydrochloride 2% is used for local anesthesia in ophthalmological, dental, surgical and otolaryngological practice. In addition, a 2% solution of lidocaine can be used to block peripheral nerves and nerve plexuses in patients with pain. A solution of lidocaine hydrochloride 10% is used for topical anesthesia mucous membranes in various fields of medicine (including gynecology, dentistry, gastroenterology, pulmonology, ENT practice) during diagnostic procedures and surgical interventions. A 10% solution of lidocaine hydrochloride is also used as an antiarrhythmic agent.
Directions for use and doses
For local anesthesia, the usual dose is from 5 ml to 10 ml of a 2% lidocaine solution. To anesthetize the brachial and sacral plexus, 5-10 ml of a 2% solution is injected. To anesthetize the fingers and extremities, 2 ml to 3 ml of a 2% solution is used. The maximum dose of a 2% lidocaine solution is 10 ml; this dose cannot be re-administered within 24 hours. With local anesthesia, the drug should be administered into highly vascularized tissues with caution to avoid it entering the bloodstream. Before administering lidocaine in high doses, it is recommended to prescribe barbiturates.
When used in cardiology, it is administered intravenously, a single dose is 1-2 mg/kg body weight and can be up to a maximum of 100 mg. This dose can be repeated every 3-4 minutes up to a total dose of 300 mg.
It is administered intravenously at a dose of 20-55 mcg/kg/min, but not more than 2 mg/min in an isotonic solution or Ringer’s solution. They switch to intravenous drip administration only after jet administration. The duration of intravenous drip administration is 24-36 hours.
Injected intramuscularly at a dose of 2-4 mg/kg body weight into the gluteal or deltoid muscle at intervals of 4 hours to 6 hours. A single dose should not exceed 200 mg.
In case of myocardial infarction, before transporting the patient to the hospital, lidocaine is administered intramuscularly at a dose of 4 mg/kg as a single prophylactic dose (from 200 to 300 mg maximum).
Contraindications
Lidocaine hydrochloride solution is not used for the treatment of patients with individual intolerance to the components of the drug, as well as other amide local anesthetic drugs (including a history of convulsions that developed in response to the administration of lidocaine hydrochloride). Lidocaine hydrochloride is contraindicated in patients suffering from atrioventricular block II and III degrees , heart failure of II and III degrees, sick sinus syndrome, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and Adams-Stokes syndrome. It is not recommended to prescribe lidocaine to patients with severe bradycardia, arterial hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg), cardiogenic shock and complete transverse heart block. Do not use lidocaine hydrochloride solution for myasthenia gravis, porphyria, hypovolemia, as well as severe liver and kidney dysfunction. Pregnant and lactating women, as well as children under 12 years of age, the use of lidocaine hydrochloride is not recommended.”
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